Water buffalo were brought to Northern Australia in the 1800s to provide meat for remote settlements. When some of these settlements were abandoned, the buffalo spread across the northern wetlands. Water buffalo carry brucellosis and tuberculosis that can be transmitted to cattle. Some farmers raise buffalo for meat and live export. Current estimates of 150,000 feral water buffalo currently in northern Australia. Two types, river type with curled horns from western Asia and swamp type from eastern Asia with swept back horns.


